Medical mistakes are a common concern among new medical residents starting their residency. These mistakes can occur due to a variety of factors, including lack of experience, fatigue, and high stress levels. One of the most common mistakes made by new medical residents is medication errors. These can occur when residents prescribe the wrong medication or the wrong dosage, or when they fail to check for potential interactions with other medications the patient is taking. To prevent medication errors, residents should double-check all prescriptions and make sure they are familiar with the medication's side effects and potential interactions. Another common mistake made by new medical residents is misdiagnosis. This can occur when residents are not familiar with certain symptoms or conditions, or when they fail to consider all possible diagnoses. To prevent misdiagnosis, residents should take a thorough medical history and perform a thorough physical examination. Additionally, residents should consider consulting with a more experienced physician or specialist if they are unsure about a diagnosis. New medical residents also often make mistakes when it comes to patient communication. They might not explain things clearly or might not listen to the patient properly which can lead to patients not understanding their condition and treatment plan. To prevent communication errors, residents should take the time to clearly explain medical conditions and treatment options to patients, and they should actively listen to patients' concerns and questions. Finally, new medical residents may make mistakes due to fatigue and stress. Long work hours and high patient loads can lead to physical and mental exhaustion, which can increase the risk of mistakes. To prevent fatigue-related errors, residents should take breaks as needed and schedule adequate time for rest and relaxation. In conclusion, medical mistakes are a common concern among new medical residents, but they can be prevented through proper training, effective communication and self-care. It is important for medical institutions to ensure that new medical residents receive adequate training and support, and that they are provided with a manageable workload and adequate time for rest and relaxation. Dr. A. Arrazaghi. MD. FRCPC